Acetylation: a regulatory modification to rival phosphorylation?

Acetylation: a regulatory modification to rival phosphorylation?

The fact that histones are modified by acetylation has been known for almost 30 years. The recent identification of enzymes that regulate histone acetylation has revealed a broader use of this modification than was suspected previously. Acetylases are now known to modify a variety of proteins, including transcription factors, nuclear import factors and alpha-tubulin. Acetylation regulates many ...

A phosphorylation-acetylation switch regulates STAT1 signaling.

Cytokines such as interferons (IFNs) activate signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) via phosphorylation. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) and the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) CBP dynamically regulate STAT1 acetylation. Here we show that acetylation of STAT1 counteracts IFN-induced STAT1 phosphorylation, nuclear translocation, DNA binding, and target gene expression. Biochemi...

Histone H3 amino-terminal tail phosphorylation and acetylation: synergistic or independent transcriptional regulatory marks?

Opposing regulatory roles of phosphorylation and acetylation in DNA mispair processing by thymine DNA glycosylase

CpG dinucleotides are mutational hotspots associated with cancer and genetic diseases. Thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) plays an integral role in CpG maintenance by excising mispaired thymine and uracil in a CpG context and also participates in transcriptional regulation via gene-specific CpG demethylation and functional interactions with the transcription machinery. Here, we report that protein k...

Microtubule Modification: Acetylation Speeds Anterograde Traffic Flow

Microtubules in neurites undergo multiple post-translational modifications. Recent work shows that neurites enriched in acetylated microtubules selectively support kinesin-mediated transport of the JNK regulator JIP-1 to growth cones.